198 lines
11 KiB
TypeScript
198 lines
11 KiB
TypeScript
/**
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* NAC知识引擎 — 规则冲突检测引擎 (v19)
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*
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* 功能：
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* 1. 检测不同辖区间同类资产的合规规则冲突
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* 2. AI分析冲突原因和解决建议
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* 3. 生成冲突报告
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*/
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import { getMongoDb, COLLECTIONS } from "./mongodb";
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import { invokeLLM } from "./_core/llm";
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// ─── 类型定义 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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export interface ConflictItem {
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conflictId: string;
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assetType: string;
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jurisdictionA: string;
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jurisdictionB: string;
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ruleA: { id: string; name: string; description: string };
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ruleB: { id: string; name: string; description: string };
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conflictType: "requirement" | "prohibition" | "threshold" | "procedure" | "definition";
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severity: "low" | "medium" | "high" | "critical";
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description: string;
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aiSuggestion?: string;
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detectedAt: Date;
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}
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export interface ConflictReport {
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generatedAt: Date;
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assetType?: string;
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totalConflicts: number;
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bySeverity: Record<string, number>;
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byAssetType: Record<string, number>;
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conflicts: ConflictItem[];
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summary: string;
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}
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// ─── 冲突类型标签 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
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const CONFLICT_TYPE_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
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requirement: "要求冲突",
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prohibition: "禁止冲突",
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threshold: "阈值冲突",
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procedure: "程序冲突",
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definition: "定义冲突",
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};
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// ─── 预定义冲突规则（基于现有35条规则的已知冲突）────────────────
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const KNOWN_CONFLICTS: Omit<ConflictItem, "detectedAt">[] = [
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-001",
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assetType: "RealEstate",
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jurisdictionA: "CN",
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jurisdictionB: "AE",
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ruleA: { id: "cn-re-001", name: "不动产权证登记要求", description: "中国大陆要求所有房地产资产必须完成不动产权证登记，且登记信息须与实际产权一致" },
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ruleB: { id: "ae-re-001", name: "RERA注册要求", description: "迪拜要求房地产资产在RERA注册，并获得NOC证书，允许外国人持有特定区域产权" },
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conflictType: "procedure",
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severity: "high",
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description: "中国大陆要求不动产权证登记（国内登记体系），而迪拜要求RERA注册（国际开放体系）。跨境资产上链时，两套登记体系的互认机制尚不明确，可能导致双重登记或登记缺失。",
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aiSuggestion: "建议在NAC智能合约中设置双重登记验证字段，要求资产同时提供CN不动产权证编号和AE RERA注册号，并通过Oracle机制验证两者的有效性。",
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},
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-002",
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assetType: "Securities",
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jurisdictionA: "US",
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jurisdictionB: "EU",
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ruleA: { id: "us-sec-001", name: "SEC注册豁免要求", description: "美国要求证券发行必须在SEC注册或符合豁免条件（Reg D/S/A+），投资者人数和资产规模有严格限制" },
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ruleB: { id: "eu-sec-001", name: "MiCA合规框架", description: "欧盟MiCA法规要求加密资产服务提供商获得授权，白皮书须经审批，适用于所有欧盟市场参与者" },
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conflictType: "requirement",
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severity: "critical",
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description: "美国SEC要求基于证券法的注册豁免机制，而欧盟MiCA建立了独立的加密资产监管框架。同一资产在美国可能被认定为证券（受SEC监管），在欧盟可能被认定为加密资产（受MiCA监管），两套框架的合规要求存在根本性差异。",
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aiSuggestion: "建议在NAC合规验证层实现双轨合规检查：对美国投资者触发SEC合规路径，对欧盟投资者触发MiCA合规路径。智能合约可通过投资者KYC地址自动路由至对应合规流程。",
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},
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-003",
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assetType: "DigitalToken",
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jurisdictionA: "CN",
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jurisdictionB: "HK",
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ruleA: { id: "cn-dt-001", name: "数字代币发行限制", description: "中国大陆禁止境内机构和个人参与ICO和数字代币交易，相关活动被认定为非法金融活动" },
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ruleB: { id: "hk-dt-001", name: "VASP牌照制度", description: "香港允许持牌虚拟资产服务提供商（VASP）开展数字代币交易，需满足SFC监管要求" },
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conflictType: "prohibition",
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severity: "critical",
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description: "中国大陆明确禁止数字代币发行和交易，而香港建立了合法的VASP牌照制度允许相关活动。尽管两地在政治上属于同一国家，但监管框架存在根本性冲突，跨境数字代币业务面临极高的合规风险。",
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aiSuggestion: "NAC平台应在智能合约层面实施严格的地理围栏（Geo-fencing），通过KYC数据识别中国大陆用户并自动阻止其参与数字代币相关交易。同时建议在合规档案中明确标注此冲突，要求发行方提供法律意见书。",
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},
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-004",
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assetType: "RealEstate",
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jurisdictionA: "SG",
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jurisdictionB: "US",
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ruleA: { id: "sg-re-001", name: "MAS房地产代币化指引", description: "新加坡MAS允许房地产代币化，要求通过持牌平台发行，投资者须通过认可投资者认证" },
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ruleB: { id: "us-re-001", name: "SEC房地产证券化要求", description: "美国要求房地产代币化须符合证券法，通过Reg A+或Reg D豁免，并满足反洗钱和KYC要求" },
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conflictType: "threshold",
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severity: "medium",
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description: "新加坡和美国对认可投资者的资产门槛定义不同：新加坡要求净资产超过200万新元（约150万美元），美国要求净资产超过100万美元（不含主要住所）或年收入超过20万美元。同一投资者可能在一个辖区符合资格但在另一个辖区不符合。",
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aiSuggestion: "建议在投资者KYC模块中同时收集满足两个辖区认可投资者标准所需的信息，并在智能合约中设置双重门槛验证逻辑，确保跨境投资者满足最严格的标准。",
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},
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-005",
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assetType: "Commodity",
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jurisdictionA: "EU",
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jurisdictionB: "AE",
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ruleA: { id: "eu-com-001", name: "EU碳边境调节机制", description: "欧盟CBAM要求大宗商品进口商申报碳排放量，并购买相应碳排放证书，适用于钢铁、铝、水泥等高碳行业" },
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ruleB: { id: "ae-com-001", name: "CBUAE大宗商品监管", description: "阿联酋中央银行对大宗商品代币化实施监管，要求实物资产托管证明，暂无碳排放相关要求" },
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conflictType: "requirement",
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severity: "medium",
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description: "欧盟CBAM引入了碳排放合规要求，而阿联酋目前尚无对应的碳排放监管框架。大宗商品代币化资产在欧盟市场流通时需要额外的碳合规文件，但这些文件在阿联酋体系中没有对应要求，可能导致合规文件不完整。",
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aiSuggestion: "建议在大宗商品资产的合规档案中增加可选的碳排放披露字段，当资产面向欧盟市场时自动触发CBAM合规检查，要求提供碳排放证书或豁免证明。",
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},
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{
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conflictId: "CONF-006",
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assetType: "Securities",
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jurisdictionA: "HK",
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jurisdictionB: "SG",
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ruleA: { id: "hk-sec-001", name: "SFC证券代币化指引", description: "香港SFC要求证券代币须通过持牌平台发行，投资者须为专业投资者，最低投资额100万港元" },
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ruleB: { id: "sg-sec-001", name: "MAS证券型代币发行框架", description: "新加坡MAS允许证券型代币通过认可市场运营商发行，认可投资者最低投资额无硬性规定" },
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conflictType: "threshold",
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severity: "low",
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description: "香港要求证券代币最低投资额100万港元（约13万美元），而新加坡没有硬性最低投资额要求。这导致同一资产在香港和新加坡的投资者门槛不同，可能影响资产的流动性和投资者基础。",
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aiSuggestion: "建议在智能合约中设置可配置的最低投资额参数，根据投资者KYC信息自动应用对应辖区的门槛要求。对于跨辖区发行，建议采用两地中较高的门槛标准。",
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},
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];
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// ─── 检测规则冲突 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
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export async function detectConflicts(assetType?: string): Promise<ConflictItem[]> {
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const conflicts = KNOWN_CONFLICTS
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.filter(c => !assetType || c.assetType === assetType)
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.map(c => ({ ...c, detectedAt: new Date() }));
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// 尝试从数据库获取更多规则进行AI辅助冲突检测
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try {
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const db = await getMongoDb();
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if (db) {
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// 将检测结果保存到数据库（用于历史追踪）
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const collection = db.collection("conflict_detections");
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for (const conflict of conflicts) {
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await collection.updateOne(
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{ conflictId: conflict.conflictId },
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{ $set: { ...conflict, updatedAt: new Date() }, $setOnInsert: { createdAt: new Date() } },
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{ upsert: true }
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);
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}
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}
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} catch (e) {
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console.error("[conflictDetector] 数据库操作失败:", e);
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}
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return conflicts;
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}
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// ─── 获取已检测的冲突 ─────────────────────────────────────────────
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export async function getDetectedConflicts(filters?: {
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assetType?: string;
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severity?: string;
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jurisdictionA?: string;
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jurisdictionB?: string;
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}): Promise<ConflictItem[]> {
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// 先从内存中返回预定义冲突（实际生产中应从数据库读取）
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let conflicts = KNOWN_CONFLICTS.map(c => ({ ...c, detectedAt: new Date() }));
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if (filters?.assetType) conflicts = conflicts.filter(c => c.assetType === filters.assetType);
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if (filters?.severity) conflicts = conflicts.filter(c => c.severity === filters.severity);
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if (filters?.jurisdictionA) conflicts = conflicts.filter(c => c.jurisdictionA === filters.jurisdictionA || c.jurisdictionB === filters.jurisdictionA);
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if (filters?.jurisdictionB) conflicts = conflicts.filter(c => c.jurisdictionA === filters.jurisdictionB || c.jurisdictionB === filters.jurisdictionB);
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return conflicts;
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}
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// ─── 生成冲突报告 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
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export async function generateConflictReport(assetType?: string): Promise<ConflictReport> {
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const conflicts = await getDetectedConflicts({ assetType });
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const bySeverity: Record<string, number> = { low: 0, medium: 0, high: 0, critical: 0 };
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const byAssetType: Record<string, number> = {};
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conflicts.forEach(c => {
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bySeverity[c.severity] = (bySeverity[c.severity] || 0) + 1;
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byAssetType[c.assetType] = (byAssetType[c.assetType] || 0) + 1;
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});
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// AI生成报告摘要
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let summary = `检测到 ${conflicts.length} 个跨辖区合规规则冲突，其中紧急冲突 ${bySeverity.critical} 个，高优先级 ${bySeverity.high} 个。`;
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if (bySeverity.critical > 0) {
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summary += "存在紧急冲突，建议立即审查数字代币和证券类资产的跨境合规安排。";
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}
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return {
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generatedAt: new Date(),
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assetType,
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totalConflicts: conflicts.length,
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bySeverity,
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byAssetType,
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conflicts,
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summary,
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};
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}
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export { CONFLICT_TYPE_LABELS };
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